Series

Castlevania

Konami's action series about Dracula and the Belmont line, begun on the Famicom Disk System in 1986.

Castlevania is Konami’s series about Count Dracula and the whip-wielding Belmonts who fight him, called Akumajō Dracula in Japan^1,2. Konami’s own history names two things that kept Castlevania loved: a whip a moment slower to strike than a punch or a shot but longer in reach, and Western monsters set to grave, solemn music^3,4. IGN says the series rose from an unknown brand in America to Konami’s flagship⁵.

The series has twice turned from its stages. Castlevania II: Simon’s Quest sent Simon from town to town after Dracula’s scattered parts, a progression Konami likens to a role-playing game⁶, and Castlevania III: Dracula’s Curse went back to stages, with forking routes and partners to switch to^7,8. Castlevania: Symphony of the Night then built the game on exploring Dracula’s castle⁹, with relics that open rooms and levels that raise the hero’s attributes^10,11. GameSpot’s history of the series calls it widely regarded as the best Castlevania¹², and Koji Igarashi, its director for the second half of development¹³, went on to make Harmony of Dissonance in its image for the Game Boy Advance¹⁴.

Games

Mechanics

Mechanic	Castlevania 1986	Castlevania II: Simon's Quest 1987	Castlevania III: Dracula's Curse 1989	Super Castlevania IV 1991	Castlevania: Symphony of the Night 1997
Air control	Fixed	Fixed	Fixed · Trevor, Sypha, and AlucardLatched · Grant	Momentum	Direct
Coyote time	None
Gravity	None	One gravity	None	Switch on release	Lighter while held
Hitbox	Points
Invincibility frames			Frame timer
Jump	Table	One speed	Table	One speed	One speed
Knockback	Table arc	Launch	Launch
Partner character			Swap
Password and battery save		Password with a check value
Running	Instant
Stairs			Stepped
Time of day		Game clock
Variable jump height	None	None	None · Trevor, Sypha, and AlucardTable skip · Grant	Hold timer	Release cap
Weapon energy	Shared pool	Shared pool	Shared pool	Shared pool
Whip upgrade	Dropped	Bought

A marked cell changed from the game before. “Uses” means the game has the mechanic, with no variant recorded yet.

Every claim, by mechanic and game

Concept	Castlevania 1986	Castlevania II: Simon's Quest 1987	Castlevania III: Dracula's Curse 1989	Super Castlevania IV 1991	Castlevania: Symphony of the Night 1997
Air control	Measured in the game, a jump keeps the direction held at take-off, 1 px per frame that way or none, whatever the d-pad does in the air. Verified	In Simon's Quest the take-off sets Simon's horizontal speed to 1 px/frame toward a held Left or Right, or 0, and the jumping state reads only B, for the whip, so the jump keeps its direction as in Castlevania. Code	In Dracula's Curse the take-off shared by every character but Grant (the state tables the disassembly labels Trevor's, Sypha's, and Alucard's all point at it; Grant's has its own) sets the horizontal speed to 1 px/frame toward a held Left or Right, or 0, as in Castlevania. Code In the air, a held Left or Right sets Grant's horizontal speed to 1 px/frame that way and turns him; with neither held the code leaves the speed as it was, so he keeps moving, until a wall stops him. Code	In Super Castlevania IV's jump a held Left or Right adds 0.25 px/frame² toward that side, up to 1.25 px/frame, and with neither held the speed is left as it is, where Castlevania's take-off fixes the direction for the whole jump. Code	In Symphony of the Night's jump a held direction sets Alucard's horizontal speed to 1.5 px/frame that way at once, turning him if needed, and every jumping frame first slows it by 1/16 px/frame toward 0, so a released d-pad fades the speed out; Castlevania's take-off fixes Simon's direction for the whole jump. Code
Coyote time	Each frame, the standing and crouching states test Simon's floor points before they move him or read A; with no ground under either point, they put him in the falling state and end the frame there, so he doesn't move and A isn't read. The frame whose step carries his second floor point past an edge still reads A after the step, so a press on that frame jumps. Verified Simon has no coyote time. The falling state reads no buttons: A after he walks off doesn't jump, B doesn't whip, and the d-pad doesn't steer, since the direction routine reads the direction the fall's entry wrote from his facing. Verified
Gravity	Once the reversed table runs out, the arc routine moves Simon down 8 px every frame until he lands, so a jump that ends below its take-off point falls at 8 px per frame. Verified Above screen Y 208 and off moving platforms, each falling frame tests the floor at Simon's position before he moves: with ground under either floor point he lands that frame without moving, his Y snapped up to a multiple of 16; otherwise he moves 1 px and drops 8 px. From Y 208 on, the floor test finds no ground. Verified Simon dies when his Y reaches 224 ($E0) in the falling state, before its 8 px drop, or 224 to 239 in the jumping state, at the start of its frame. Code	uses	uses	uses	Each jumping frame adds 0.171875 px/frame² to Alucard's vertical speed, a fifth of that while Cross is held near the top (between 0.125 px/frame up and 0.375 down), and caps a fall at 7 px/frame. Code
Hitbox	Simon's floor is tested at x−4 and x+4, 16 px below his Y; walls at x+8 or x−8 at five heights from 9 px above to 15 px below it; and a jump needs clear space 19 px above at x−7, x, and x+7. Code A wall stops Simon without pushing him out. Before each move, in the standing, jumping, and falling states, the direction routine tests the wall points on the side he's moving toward; if any is in solid ground it clears his direction bits, so he doesn't move that frame and nothing else changes. A jump keeps rising and falling, and moves on again once the points are clear. Verified
Invincibility frames			A hit in Dracula's Curse sets $80 to 120, which the player's update counts down once a frame while flickering the character; one branch of the hit handling returns at once while $80, or $AD, is nonzero. Code
Jump	In Simon's standing state, the frame A goes down starts a jump, unless a block is over his head (ceiling-takeoff); the take-off code points his arc at a fixed table and copies the d-pad's Left and Right bits into his direction. Code Simon's jump rises by a fixed table of per-frame steps, 5, 5, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, and 0 px, 36 px in all. Code At the table's turn marker the arc routine reverses and reads the same steps backward, negated, so Simon falls the way he rose. Code Measured frame by frame, Simon's standing jump follows the table exactly, from a motionless press frame to a landing 40 frames later. Verified The standing state moves Simon before it checks A, so the press frame walks at 1 px/frame; the take-off then fixes the jump's direction from the d-pad held on that frame, and the jumping state moves him 1 px/frame that way or not at all. Verified A jump lands during the jumping state's frame, after that frame's move in the take-off direction; from the next frame the standing state takes the d-pad again, so Simon stops at once or walks at 1 px/frame. Verified Walking off a ledge puts Simon in a falling state that moves him on in his facing direction at 1 px/frame and down 8 px/frame; landing after 8 or more falling frames drops him into a crouch for 16 frames. Verified From the turn of its table on, the jumping state tests the floor after each frame's step, so a jump lands on any top its floor points meet on the way down, above or below take-off height; the landing snaps Y up to a multiple of 16. Each 8 px frame past the table's end counts in the fall counter the take-off zeroed, and landing with it at 8 or more starts the 16-frame landing crouch. This holds outside stage $0A and when he isn't whipping as he lands (see notes). Verified Simon can't jump from under a block on his head. On the frame A goes down, after that frame's walk step, the standing state tests three points 19 px above his center, at x−7, x, and x+7; if any is solid (below screen Y 48), the press is dropped. That frame then runs as one with neither A nor Down: he turns to the d-pad but doesn't crouch or whip, and holding A out from under the block doesn't jump, since only a new press does. Verified Once Simon is in the air, no ceiling is tested: a block over his head doesn't cut a jump short. The jumping state calls no ceiling test; it runs the direction and move routines, the arc step, and from the turn on the floor test. His head rises into the block on the same arc as in the open, and the block stops him moving sideways only where his wall points meet it. Verified	Simon's Quest replaces Castlevania's step table with a speed and gravity; a jump from the ground takes off at 4 px/frame up, every airborne frame adds 0.21875 px/frame² of gravity, and a fall is capped at 3 px/frame, where Castlevania steps a fixed 20-entry table and falls past its end at 8 px/frame. Code	Dracula's Curse keeps Castlevania's jump for every character but Grant; the take-off starts the arc at entry 9 of a longer table whose entries from there are Castlevania's 20 rises, 5, 5, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, and 0 px, and the 8 entries before it, 6 then 5 px, carry a fall below the take-off height down to 6 px/frame, where Castlevania falls at 8 px/frame once its table runs out. Code	Super Castlevania IV's take-off sets Simon's vertical speed to 4.5 px/frame up and his horizontal speed to 1.25 px/frame toward a held Left or Right, or 0, then puts him in the jumping state. Code	In Symphony of the Night a jump from the ground sets Alucard's upward speed to 4.875 px/frame, and his horizontal speed to 1.5 px/frame toward a held direction, or 0. Code
Knockback	When an enemy touches Simon and there's room above him, Castlevania turns him to face the enemy, points his arc at a second, shorter table, and puts him in a hurt state that moves him away from the enemy with the walking move routine while it steps that table; the table rises 3, 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, and 1 px, then holds for 7 steps, 14 px in all. Code Under a block on his head, a hit doesn't knock Simon back. Outside state 4, whose hit sets only $47 and $5B, the routine that starts the knockback (state 5, a short arc away from what hit him) first runs the take-off's ceiling test; with a block there it puts him straight into the 16-frame crouch (state 9) that also ends a knockback's landing. Code	Simon's Quest turns an enemy's touch into a launch, not Castlevania's table arc; as in Castlevania, Simon is turned to face the enemy and moved away from it, here at 2.5 px/frame up and 1 px/frame back, held in a hurt state for 32 frames that runs the jump's speed and gravity code before he falls normally. Code	Dracula's Curse turns a hit into a launch, where Castlevania steps a second table; the character is given 2 px/frame up and 1 px/frame sideways and faces opposite to that push (facing left with +1 speed when $90 is nonzero, else facing right with −1), and the hurt state adds 0.125 px/frame² of gravity each frame up to a 5 px/frame fall. Code
Partner character			Dracula's Curse keeps two character slots; a swap flips the slot index with XOR 1 and loads that slot's character, one of four ids, Trevor, Sypha, Grant, and Alucard. Code
Password and battery save		Simon's Quest's password packs 10 bytes: 7 of state, the byte FoxCunning labels Simon's level, the day count in BCD, the laurel and garlic counts in 4 bits each (the encoder writes a count above 8 as 8), the bytes labeled body parts, misc items 1, and misc items 2, and the whip level; then the 16-bit sum of those 7 as a check value; then a scramble byte. Hearts are not kept: accepting a password zeroes the bytes FoxCunning labels hearts and experience, sets HP to 48 and lives to 3, and zeroes $30 and $50-$57 (labeled the map type, scene, sub-room, and scroll position), $82 (night), $84, and $85 (the time wait counter and the minute). Code Simon's Quest writes the 10 bytes, 80 bits, as 16 characters of 5 bits each, high bit first, so the scramble byte fills the last 8 bits; the screen draws a value n as tile n + 1 of CHR bank 16, where by the atlas's reading of the tiles 1-36 are A-Z and 0-9. Since the scramble adds up to 4 to characters 1-14, they can show all 36 (computed), and characters 15 and 16 only A-Z and 0-5. On the entry grid, pressing A on cells 0-35 enters that symbol, cells 36 and 37 step the cursor back and forward, and a later cell submits. Code To make a password, Simon's Quest sums the 7 state bytes into a 16-bit check value and takes a scramble from the frame counter: its low 4 bits number one of 16 tables of 14 XOR values, and its low 3 bits pick an add from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3. After packing, characters 1-14 are XORed with the table and then have the add added; characters 15 and 16 carry the add and the table number unscrambled. Since the add follows from the table number, one state has at most 16 passwords (computed). Code On entry Simon's Quest rejects a password with any of its 16 characters blank. Otherwise it subtracts the add from characters 1-14, XORs them, unpacks the 10 bytes, and accepts only when both bytes of the sum match the 7 state bytes again, the level is below 7, the body-parts and misc-items-2 bytes are below $80, misc items 1 is below $10, the whip level is below 5, both of the day's digits are 0-9, and laurels and garlics are each at most 8. A rejection writes MISS and ENTRY to the screen, plays sound $24, and after 128 frames brings back the ENTER YOUR PASSWORD prompt and returns to input, writing nothing to the entered characters on the way; an acceptance writes ENTRY COMPLETED. Code
Running	Measured in the game, Simon walks 40 px in 40 frames, 1 px per frame. Verified Simon has no acceleration; each frame on the ground his direction bits are set from the d-pad's held Left and Right, and the move routine shifts him by his speed bytes, 1 px/frame, in that direction or not at all. Verified While Left or Right is held, the crouching state, and the standing state on a frame that doesn't start a fall, a stair climb, a whip, a jump, or a crouch, set Simon's facing (`$0450`) from it, so he turns on the first frame, and crouching he can turn without moving. A frame that starts any of those keeps the facing he had. Verified Down on the ground puts Simon in the crouching state 4 px lower, where the d-pad no longer moves him; letting go stands him back up, and that frame he doesn't move either. Verified
Stairs			Dracula's Curse moves a character on stairs in steps; each step sets the speed to 0.5 px/frame across and 0.5 px/frame up or down the stairs, and the climbing state counts 15 frames before the step ends. Code
Time of day		Simon's Quest keeps a clock of days, hours, and minutes in BCD that advances one minute every 15 frames outside the stopped cases, and when the hour reaches 6 or 18 it starts the day-night transition; a day is 24 hours. Code In Simon's Quest an enemy placed while it's night starts with double the hit points its level data gives, except a few object types and in the mansions. Code
Variable jump height	Measured in the game, Simon's standing jump is the same with A held 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, or 40 frames, 36 px high on frame 17 and back on the ground on frame 41. Verified	uses	Grant's jump reads its own table from entry 30, one entry a frame while A is held; once A is up during the rise, or once he falls, the routine moves two entries a frame, so letting go shortens the rise, from 58 px held to the top to 30 px with A up on the first frame, by the table. Code	Super Castlevania IV's jump holds the take-off speed with no gravity while the jump button stays down, for up to 4 frames, then adds 0.375 px/frame² each frame until the rise stops, holds Simon still at the top for about 9 frames, and falls under the same gravity, capped at 8 px/frame. Code	While Alucard rises faster than 1 px/frame in a jump, letting go of the jump button (Cross) sets his upward speed to 1 px/frame. Code
Weapon energy	In Castlevania a subweapon throw needs hearts; each of the four subweapons the double and triple shots multiply costs 1 heart and a free slot, the fifth, which starts a 15-count timer instead of a projectile, costs 5, and with 0 hearts nothing is thrown. Code	In Simon's Quest hearts are both subweapon ammunition and money; the knives' routine and a merchant's deal both call one routine that subtracts a BCD price from the heart count and refuses when there aren't enough, and the knives' routine passes it 1 heart, or 2 for one of them. Code	Dracula's Curse prices its subweapons from one table of eleven entries, nine at 1 heart, one at 5, and one at 0; a use compares the heart count with the price, and a thrown one subtracts it in BCD. Code	Super Castlevania IV prices its five subweapons from one table, 1 heart each for the first four and 5 for the fifth; a use with fewer hearts than the price leaves them as they are, and otherwise subtracts the price in BCD. Code
Whip upgrade	In Castlevania the routine that picks a dropped bonus gives a whip upgrade only while no other special item is out, and only while Simon holds at least 4 hearts with the first whip or at least 8 with the second; otherwise it drops a small random bonus. Picking one up raises the whip level by 1. Code	Simon's Quest sells whips; a paid merchant deal whose index is $18 or above sets the whip level outright from the item, where Castlevania raises it one level per whip that a bonus drops. Code

References

^Konami released Castlevania in Japan, as Akumajō Dracula for the Famicom Disk System, on September 26, 1986.PublisherKonami, Castlevania JP history
How we know
発売日：1986年9月26日 … 機種：ファミリーコンピュータディスクシステム
heading fields · archived copy ↗
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^In Konami's story, Dracula returns on an Easter night a hundred years after Christopher Belmont destroyed him, and Simon, of the Belmont line, goes alone into Dracula's castle with a whip handed down from his father.PublisherKonami, Castlevania JP history · Castlevania NES manual
How we know
かつての英雄クリストファー・ベルモンドがドラキュラを滅ぼしてから、ちょうど百年が経とうとしていた時だった。 … ベルモンド一族の血を受け継ぐ青年シモンは、父ゆずりの不思議な力を秘めたムチを手に、１人ドラキュラ城へ乗り込んで行ったのだった。
Story · archived copy ↗
The Count has waited 100 years for a rematch.
PDF p. 4, Introduction · archived copy ↗
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^Konami's history says the action games of the time attacked with punches and kicks or with projectiles, and that Castlevania's whip, a moment slower to strike but a little longer in reach, was new to players; the feel of swinging it is still found only in the series.PublisherKonami, Castlevania JP history
How we know
当時のアクションゲームの攻撃手段はパンチやキックといった直接的なものか、あるいは飛び道具だった。 … 攻撃までにひと呼吸あるかわりに、射程距離が少しだけ長い。 … いまだに、ムチを振るう感覚は同シリーズでしか味わえない。
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^Konami's history names the game's atmosphere, Western monsters such as Frankenstein's monster, the wolf man, and Death set to grave, solemn music, as another reason the game has stayed loved for years.PublisherKonami, Castlevania JP history
How we know
長年にわたって『ドラキュラ』が愛され続ける理由のもうひとつに、徹底した雰囲気作りが挙げられるだろう。 … フランケンシュタインや狼男、死神といった西洋のモンスターを集め、さらに重厚かつ荘厳なBGMを流す
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^IGN says the series began for American players with this game and rose from an unknown brand to Konami's flagship.WebIGN, Top 100 NES Games
How we know
the series started for American gamers on the NES … Castlevania's epic rise from unknown brand to Konami flagship
entry 19 · archived copy ↗
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^Konami calls Simon's Quest the second game in the series and describes it as a break from the stage-clear format common to 2D action games: the player travels from town to town after items scattered across the land, clears dungeons, and beats bosses, a progression it likens to a role-playing game. It also names day and night that change with time among the game's ambitious systems.PublisherKonami, Dracula II history
How we know
シリーズ2作目 … 2Dアクションによくあるステージクリア型ではなく … 街から街へと移動し、ダンジョンを攻略し、ボスを倒す … さながらRPGのような進行になっている … 時間によって昼夜が入れ替わるなど、野心的なシステムを数多く採用した
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^Like the first Castlevania, the game is played stage by stage, and at several points the road forks and the player chooses the route; the route decides which partners and enemies Trevor meets. A stage reached by another route can start from its far end. The North American manual counts 17 possible levels.PublisherKonami, Akumajō Densetsu JP history · Konami, Castlevania III manual
How we know
初代『ドラキュラ』と同じく、オーソドックスなステージクリアタイプだが、ステージの最後に分岐があり、ルートを自分で指定できる。同じステージでも、入りかたによってはゴール地点から始まる
Game · archived copy ↗
throughout your journey where the road forks … will be determined by the path
printed p. 5 (PDF p. 4), How to Play in the Graveyard · archived copy ↗
17 possible levels of never-ending
printed p. 4 (PDF p. 3), It's a Cursed World We Live In · archived copy ↗
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^Trevor starts alone and can meet three partners, Grant DaNasty, Sypha, and Alucard, which ones depending on the route. He keeps one partner at a time and turns into that partner, and back, with Select.ManualKonami, Castlevania III manual · Nintendo Life, Castlevania III review
How we know
At the start of the adventure your only player is Trevor C. Belmont. … will vary, depending on the Paths of Fate you choose. … press the Select Button
printed p. 13, Adding to Your Team · archived copy ↗
partner spirits: Grant DaNasty, the ferocious Ghost Pirate. Sypha, the
printed p. 4 (PDF p. 3), It's a Cursed World We Live In · archived copy ↗
which Trevor can switch places with at any time — the catch being that you can only have one companion with you at any one time
paragraph beginning "However, aware that a straight sequel" · archived copy ↗
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^Igarashi says the team set out to overturn players' ideas of Castlevania while still feeling like it. The changes he lists are exploration-based action, which he notes Castlevania II also had; RPG elements, so that anyone who put in the effort could finish it; no one-hit kills; no whip; no Castlevania-style stairs; and a new visual style.InterviewShmuplations, SOTN developer interview
How we know
our concept was to make a game that would overturn player’s ideas about Castlevania, yet also feel like a Castlevania game.
second interview, question on making another entry in the series · archived copy ↗
-make the action exploration based (although Castlevania 2 also did this) … -add RPG elements, so anyone who put in the effort could beat it … -no more stairs (I mean stairs in the style of the previous Castlevania games)
second interview, the list that follows · archived copy ↗
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^Relics hidden around the castle give Alucard new powers, among them turning into a bat, a wolf, or mist, and some rooms can't be entered until he has a particular relic.ManualKonami, Symphony of the Night manual · GameSpot, SOTN review
How we know
There are some rooms you cannot enter unless you obtain a particular relic … Soul of Bat Enables you to change into a bat … Form of Mist Enables you to change into mist
PDF p. 10, Relics · archived copy ↗
you can't visit certain places until you've found the three souls that Alucard can transform into - Wolf, Bat, and Mist
fourth paragraph · archived copy ↗
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^Defeating enemies earns Alucard experience, and each level raises his attributes. He keeps his weapons and items in an inventory screen.ManualKonami, Symphony of the Night manual · GameSpot, SOTN review
How we know
Every victory gives you experience which yields power and strength
PDF p. 8, Rules · archived copy ↗
Experience is gained from killing enemies; attributes are raised whenever Alucard levels-up … each of which is kept in an RPG-like inventory subscreen
third paragraph · archived copy ↗
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^GameSpot's history of the series calls Symphony of the Night widely regarded as the best Castlevania and its music the best in the series.WebGameSpot, History of Castlevania (SotN, p. 1) · GameSpot, History of Castlevania
How we know
created what is widely regarded as the best Castlevania game in the series: Symphony of the Night.
opening paragraph · archived copy ↗
Symphony of the Night's music is the best in the series.
paragraph beginning "It seemed rather appropriate" · archived copy ↗
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^Toru Hagihara produced Symphony of the Night and programmed it in its second half. Koji Igarashi wrote its scenario and programmed, and took over as director halfway through development. Michiru Yamane made its music and sound effects.InterviewShmuplations, SOTN developer interview · GameSpot, Igarashi TGS 2002 interview
How we know
I was producer for the first half of the game, and for the latter half I was both producer and programmer. … I acted as director (for the latter half), scenario writer, and programmer. … I handled the sound, doing both music and sound effects.
first interview (Konami guidebook), opening question · archived copy ↗
I was writing storyboards for the game, and then halfway through development I took over direction for the game as well.
Igarashi on his background at Konami · archived copy ↗
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^When the series came back to Konami Computer Entertainment Tokyo, Igarashi wanted a game like Symphony of the Night for the Game Boy Advance, and made Harmony of Dissonance.InterviewGameSpot, Igarashi TGS 2002 interview
How we know
I really wanted to create a game that was similar to Symphony of the Night for the Game Boy Advance.
Igarashi on Harmony of Dissonance's development · archived copy ↗
the producer of Symphony of the Night and the recently released Harmony of Dissonance for the Game Boy Advance
introduction · archived copy ↗
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Sources

Primary

Entertainment, Konami Digital. n.d. “悪魔城ドラキュラ (Castlevania Portal Site, 1986 FDS history).” original · archived · licence, all uses
Konami. 1987. “Castlevania NES instruction manual.” original · archived · licence, all uses
Entertainment, Konami Digital. 2026. “Castlevania Portal: Dracula II: Noroi no Fūin (1987 Famicom Disk System).” original · archived · licence, all uses
Entertainment, Konami Digital. n.d. “悪魔城伝説 (Castlevania Portal Site, history).” original · archived · licence, all uses
Konami. 1990. “Castlevania III: Dracula's Curse (NES) instruction manual.” original · archived · licence, all uses
presentation), Unknown interviewer (Konami guidebook); Shmuplations (translation and. 2021. “Symphony of the Night — 1997 Developer Interview.” original · archived · licence, all uses
Tokyo, Konami Computer Entertainment. 1997. “Castlevania: Symphony of the Night (PlayStation, North American manual).” original · archived · licence, all uses
Staff, GameSpot. 2002. “TGS 2002: Castlevania Q&A — GameSpot.” original · archived · licence, all uses

Secondary

staff, IGN. n.d. “Top 100 NES Games: 19, Castlevania.” original · archived · licence, all uses
McFerran, Damien. 2014. “Castlevania III: Dracula's Curse Review (3DS eShop / NES).” Nintendo Life. original · archived · licence, all uses
Staff, GameSpot. 1997. “Castlevania: Symphony of the Night Review — GameSpot.” original · archived · licence, all uses
Staff, GameSpot. 2001. “The History of Castlevania — GameSpot feature, Symphony of the Night section, page 1.” original · archived · licence, all uses
Staff, GameSpot. 2001. “The History of Castlevania — GameSpot feature, Symphony of the Night section.” original · archived · licence, all uses