NESdev Wiki, “Cycle reference chart”

Cite as: NESdev Wiki, “Cycle reference chart”
Original: https://www.nesdev.org/wiki/Cycle_reference_chart
sha256: 2b57b4e695cf7fdff1c1a45f362597cfb20534bb042a622b2c967b6fc9c8b0c0
Version: oldid 22030
Archived: https://web.archive.org/web/20261007170213/https://www.nesdev.org/wiki/Cycle_reference_chart
Accessed: 2026-10-27
Licence: none stated on the page
Credit: NESdev Wiki editors (nesdev.org); see the page history.
Notes: Read from the Wayback capture of 2026-10-07 (revision 22030). Used for the NTSC NES's master and PPU clocks, its dots per frame, and its frame rate.

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The NTSC NES draws 60.0988 frames a second while rendering is on. The PPU's clock is the 21.477272 MHz master clock (236.25 MHz ÷ 11) divided by 4, and a frame is 341 dots by 262 lines, less one dot on every odd frame: 89,341.5 dots a frame on average, which gives exactly 39,375,000/655,171 frames a second (60.098814). With rendering off, no dot is skipped: 89,342 dots, 60.0985 frames a second.	`Clock rates (NTSC column)Clock rates (NTSC column)Clock rates (NTSC column)Clock rates (NTSC column)`	Wiki