Locational damage

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Locational damage gives parts of a body their own health. In Star Fox 64 each Arwing wing has its own health, side hits take it faster than hits from above or below, and a broken wing sets the lasers back to single¹.

Games

Game	Year	How	Note
Star Fox 64	1997	Wing loss	each wing starts at 60 (10 in Expert); side hits take 20, others 15, and a broken or missing wing sets the lasers to single
Perfect Dark	2000	Hit location	a head hit ×4 and a torso hit ×2; in solo a player's gun shot multiplies a head hit by 25 more

Every claim about this mechanic, by game (2)

Star Fox 64 1997	In the US 1.1 version of Star Fox 64, `Player_Setup` gives the player 255 shield units (less with a Versus handicap), and healing stops at `Play_GetMaxShields`: 383 with three or more gold rings, otherwise 255. A hit's damage, doubled in Expert mode, drains from the shield at 2 units an update (`Player_UpdateShields`), and an enemy laser's damage is 20; a hit while `gHasShield` is set does none. Each Arwing wing starts at 60 health (10 in Expert mode). A hit the code gives direction 1 or 2 takes 20 from the right or left wing, directions 3 and 4 take 15 from one wing at random, and direction 0, which enemy shots pass, takes none; a wing at 0 breaks. While either wing is broken or absent (`WINGSTATE_NONE`; the test is `<= WINGSTATE_BROKEN`), `Player_Shoot` sets the lasers back to single every update.	Code
Perfect Dark 2000	Perfect Dark's `chr_damage` scales a hit by the body part (`hitpart`) it struck: a head hit is multiplied by 4 and a torso hit doubled, the limbs and pelvis keep the damage, and a hit on the held gun or a hat deals none. Outside normal multiplayer a gun shot fired by a player multiplies a head hit by a further 25 (`headshotdamagescale`), 100 in all, unless a shield took it; a Skedar's head is only doubled, and its tail takes 10 times. A hit with no part (`HITPART_GENERAL`, as when a guard's bullet hits the player) is halved and then doubled as the torso, so it keeps its damage. Doom's `P_LineAttack` passes a bullet's damage to the thing it hits with no body part.	Code

References

^ a bIn the US 1.1 version of Star Fox 64, Player_Setup gives the player 255 shield units (less with a Versus handicap), and healing stops at Play_GetMaxShields: 383 with three or more gold rings, otherwise 255. A hit's damage, doubled in Expert mode, drains from the shield at 2 units an update (Player_UpdateShields), and an enemy laser's damage is 20; a hit while gHasShield is set does none. Each Arwing wing starts at 60 health (10 in Expert mode). A hit the code gives direction 1 or 2 takes 20 from the right or left wing, directions 3 and 4 take 15 from one wing at random, and direction 0, which enemy shots pass, takes none; a wing at 0 breaks. While either wing is broken or absent (WINGSTATE_NONE; the test is <= WINGSTATE_BROKEN), Player_Shoot sets the lasers back to single every update.Codesonicdcer/sf64revised

How we know

4405void Player_Setup(Player* playerx) {
⋮
4414    player->shields = 255;
⋮
4416    if (gVersusMode) {
4417        switch (gHandicap[gPlayerNum]) {
4418            case 1:
4419                player->shields = 191;
⋮
4422                player->shields = 127;
⋮
4430    if (gExpertMode) {
4431        gLeftWingHealth[gPlayerNum] = 10;
4432        gRightWingHealth[gPlayerNum] = 10;
4433    } else {
4434        gLeftWingHealth[gPlayerNum] = 60;
⋮

src/engine/fox_play.c lines 4405–4436 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

64s32 Play_GetMaxShields(void) {
65    if (gGoldRingCount[0] >= 3) {
66        return 383;
⋮
68    return 255;

src/engine/fox_play.c lines 64–69 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

5463void Player_UpdateShields(Player* player) {
5464    if (player->damage > 0) {
5465        player->damage -= 2;
⋮
5469        player->shields -= 2;
⋮
5476    if (player->heal > 0) {
⋮
5482        player->shields += 2;
5483        if (player->shields >= Play_GetMaxShields()) {
5484            player->shields = Play_GetMaxShields();

src/engine/fox_play.c lines 5463–5484 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

867    if (gExpertMode) {
868        player->damage = damage * 2;
869    } else {
870        player->damage = damage;
⋮
887    } else {
⋮
891    if (gHasShield[player->num]) {
⋮
895        player->damage = 0;

src/engine/fox_play.c lines 867–895 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

916    switch (player->hitDirection) {
917        case 0:
⋮
924        case 1:
⋮
932            Player_DamageWings(player, 1, 20);
⋮
935        case 2:
⋮
943            Player_DamageWings(player, 2, 20);
⋮
946        case 3:
⋮
958            if (Rand_ZeroOne() < 0.5f) {
959                Player_DamageWings(player, 1, 15);
960            } else {
961                Player_DamageWings(player, 2, 15);
⋮
965        case 4:
⋮

src/engine/fox_play.c lines 916–978 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

819void Player_DamageWings(Player* player, s32 side, s32 damage) {
820    if ((player->form == FORM_ARWING) && (gShieldAlpha[player->num] < 1.0f)) {
821        if (side == 1) {
⋮
823            if (player->arwing.rightWingState == WINGSTATE_INTACT) {
824                gRightWingHealth[player->num] -= damage;
825                if (gRightWingHealth[player->num] <= 0) {
⋮
827                    player->arwing.rightWingState = WINGSTATE_BROKEN;

src/engine/fox_play.c lines 819–827 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

3299void Player_Shoot(Player* player) {
3300    switch (player->form) {
3301        case FORM_ARWING:
3302            if ((player->arwing.rightWingState <= WINGSTATE_BROKEN) ||
3303                (player->arwing.leftWingState <= WINGSTATE_BROKEN)) {
3304                gLaserStrength[player->num] = LASERS_SINGLE;

src/engine/fox_play.c lines 3299–3305 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

27    /* 0 */ WINGSTATE_NONE,
28    /* 1 */ WINGSTATE_BROKEN,
29    /* 2 */ WINGSTATE_INTACT

include/sf64player.h lines 27–29 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

2925            if ((gPlayer[0].barrelRollAlpha == 0) && (gPlayer[0].mercyTimer == 0)) {
2926                Player_ApplyDamage(&gPlayer[0], 0, this->info.damage);

src/engine/fox_effect.c lines 2925–2926 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

472  /* OBJ_EFFECT_ENEMY_LASER  */  {(void*) Effect_EnemyLaser_Draw, 1, (ObjectFunc) Effect_EnemyShot_Update,             NULL,   100.0f,  0, 0, 20, 0,   0.0f,  0 },

src/engine/fox_edata_info.c line 472 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

153typedef struct ObjectInfo {
⋮
161    /* 0x10 */ f32 cullDistance;  // z coordinate of something
162    /* 0x14 */ s16 unk_14;        // can be -1, 0, 1. governs camera-related behavior in effects (billboarding?)
163    /* 0x16 */ s16 unk_16;        // can be 0, 1, 2. affects death behavior?
164    /* 0x18 */ u8 damage;

include/sf64object.h lines 153–168 at 4235c59 · upstream ↗

Checked against the evidence by its author, an AI model, 2026-10-22.

Revised after a check by a second AI model, 2026-10-22.

In the claim ledger

^Perfect Dark's chr_damage scales a hit by the body part (hitpart) it struck: a head hit is multiplied by 4 and a torso hit doubled, the limbs and pelvis keep the damage, and a hit on the held gun or a hat deals none. Outside normal multiplayer a gun shot fired by a player multiplies a head hit by a further 25 (headshotdamagescale), 100 in all, unless a shield took it; a Skedar's head is only doubled, and its tail takes 10 times. A hit with no part (HITPART_GENERAL, as when a guard's bullet hits the player) is halved and then doubled as the torso, so it keeps its damage. Doom's P_LineAttack passes a bullet's damage to the thing it hits with no body part.Coderyandwyer/perfect-dark · id-Software/DOOM

How we know

4262void chr_damage(struct chrdata *chr, f32 damage, struct coord *vector, struct gset *gset,
4263		struct prop *aprop, s32 hitpart, bool damageshield, struct prop *prop2,
⋮
4273	f32 headshotdamagescale = 1;

src/game/chraction.c lines 4262–4273 at 46d3393 · upstream ↗

4368	if (ismelee) {
4369		isshoot = false;

src/game/chraction.c lines 4368–4370 at 46d3393 · upstream ↗

4390	// Apply damage scaling based on difficulty settings
4391	if (g_Vars.mplayerisrunning == false) {
4392		// Solo
⋮
4397		} else if (aprop && aprop->type == PROPTYPE_PLAYER) {
4398			// Player is attacking
4399			damage *= g_PlayerDamageTxScale;
4400			headshotdamagescale = 25;

src/game/chraction.c lines 4390–4400 at 46d3393 · upstream ↗

4414	} else if (g_Vars.coopplayernum >= 0) {
⋮
4420		} else if (aprop && aprop->type == PROPTYPE_PLAYER && vprop->type != PROPTYPE_PLAYER) {
4421			damage *= g_PlayerDamageTxScale;
4422			headshotdamagescale = 25;

src/game/chraction.c lines 4413–4422 at 46d3393 · upstream ↗

4707		if (hitpart == HITPART_GENERAL) {
4708			// Halve the damage because it's doubled for torso below
4709			hitpart = HITPART_TORSO;
4710			damage *= 0.5f;
⋮
4713			hitpart = HITPART_TORSO;
⋮
4717		// Hits to a Skedar's tail are 10x more lethal
4718		if (race == RACE_SKEDAR && hitpart == HITPART_TAIL) {
4719			damage *= 10;
⋮
4724		if (hitpart == HITPART_HEAD) {
4725			if (race == RACE_SKEDAR) {
4726				damage += damage;
4727				chr_flinch_head(chr, angle);
⋮

src/game/chraction.c lines 4707–4751 at 46d3393 · upstream ↗

1396#define HITPART_LFOOT       1
⋮
1402#define HITPART_PELVIS      7
1403#define HITPART_HEAD        8
⋮
1410#define HITPART_TORSO       15
1411#define HITPART_TAIL        16
1412#define HITPART_GUN         100
1413#define HITPART_HAT         110

src/include/constants.h lines 1396–1413 at 46d3393 · upstream ↗

10361						if (hitplayer) {
10362							f32 damage = gset_get_damage(&gset);
⋮
10385							chr_damage_by_impact(targetchr, damage, &vector, &gset, chr->prop, HITPART_GENERAL, targetprop, node, model, side, NULL);

src/game/chraction.c lines 10361–10385 at 46d3393 · upstream ↗

1005    if (in->d.thing->flags & MF_NOBLOOD)
1006	P_SpawnPuff (x,y,z);
1007    else
1008	P_SpawnBlood (x,y,z, la_damage);
⋮
1010    if (la_damage)
1011	P_DamageMobj (th, shootthing, shootthing, la_damage);

linuxdoom-1.10/p_map.c lines 1004–1011 at a77dfb9 · upstream ↗

Checked against the evidence by its author, an AI model, 2026-10-22.

Checked by a second AI model, 2026-10-22.

In the claim ledger

Sources

Code

sonicdcer and sf64 contributors. 2026. “sf64: a decompilation of Star Fox 64 (sonicdcer/sf64).” Commit 4235c59. sonicdcer/sf64 @ 4235c59 · licence, all uses

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