Zork I

References

1. ^Zork I's ZIL source (a 1983-headed revision) parses a command into one verb and up to two noun clauses, each of which a preposition can lead, and matches the result against the verb's syntaxes, such as PUT OBJECT IN OBJECT. A third noun clause draws “There were too many nouns in that sentence.” A clause can name several objects only where the syntax allows it, as TAKE's does. THEN or a period ends one command, and the parser keeps the rest of the line for the next.CodeZork I ZIL source
   How we know

   98<CONSTANT P-NC2 8>
   

   There were too many nouns in that sentence.

   384<SYNTAX PUT OBJECT (HELD MANY HAVE) IN OBJECT = V-PUT PRE-PUT>
   

   469<SYNTAX TAKE OBJECT (FIND TAKEBIT) (ON-GROUND IN-ROOM MANY) = V-TAKE PRE-TAKE>
   

   1302	       <TELL "You can't use multiple ">
   

   273				  <SETG P-CONT <+ .PTR ,P-LEXELEN>>>
   

   Checked against the evidence by its author, an AI model, 2026-10-22.

   Checked by a second AI model, 2026-10-22.

   In the claim ledger

2. ^In Zork I's ZIL source the brass lantern's timer starts at 200 and runs only while the lamp is on: turning it on enables the I-LANTERN event and turning it off disables it. The clock counts it down once per parsed command other than the verbs TELL, BRIEF, SUPER-BRIEF, VERBOSE, SAVE, VERSION, QUIT, RESTART, SCORE, SCRIPT, UNSCRIPT, and RESTORE. Each time it runs out, the lamp table sets the next wait, 100, then 70, then 15, and prints “The lamp appears a bit dimmer.”, “The lamp is definitely dimmer now.”, and “The lamp is nearly out.” if the lamp is held or in the room. After the 15 the lamp burns out for good, 385 lit turns in all (computed).CodeZork I ZIL source
   How we know

   2642	<QUEUE I-LANTERN 200>
   

   2241		       <ENABLE <INT I-LANTERN>>
   

   2247		       <DISABLE <INT I-LANTERN>>
   

   172		  (T <SET V <CLOCKER>>)>)>>
   

   56			       <PUT .C ,C-TICK <- .TICK 1>>
   

   2223	       "The lamp appears a bit dimmer."
   

   2316	 <ENABLE <QUEUE I-LANTERN <SET TICK <GET .TBL 0>>>>
   

   2331		<FSET .OBJ ,RMUNGBIT>)>
   

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   Checked by a second AI model, 2026-10-22.

   In the claim ledger

3. ^Zork I's ZIL source refuses a TAKE (“Your load is too heavy”) when the object's weight plus the player's would pass the load limit of 100, unless the object is inside something the player carries. A weight is an object's SIZE plus its contents' weights; worn items count 1 toward the player, and the player's own object sets no SIZE, so it takes the default of 5. A separate check makes a TAKE fail, “You're holding too many things already!”, when more than 7 objects not worn are in hand, at a chance of 8% per object held: 63% at 8 and certain from 13 (computed). In a fight, a light wound to the player lowers the limit by 10 and a serious wound by 20 while it's above 50; it recovers 10 every 30 turns and returns to 100 when the wounds heal.CodeZork I ZIL sourcerevised
   How we know

   94<GLOBAL LOAD-ALLOWED 100>
   

   1932		     <G? <+ <WEIGHT ,PRSO> <WEIGHT ,WINNER>> ,LOAD-ALLOWED>>
   

   1997	 <+ .WT <GETP .OBJ ,P?SIZE>>>
   

   24<PROPDEF SIZE 5>
   

   271	(STRENGTH 0)
   

   1898<GLOBAL FUMBLE-PROB 8>
   

   1943		     <PROB <* .CNT ,FUMBLE-PROB>>>
   

   1982			<COND (<NOT <FSET? .X ,WEARBIT>>
   

   3466		       <SETG LOAD-ALLOWED <- ,LOAD-ALLOWED 20>>)>)
   

   3598		       <SETG LOAD-ALLOWED <+ ,LOAD-ALLOWED 10>>)>
   

   3325<CONSTANT CURE-WAIT 30>
   

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   Revised after a check by a second AI model, 2026-10-22.

   In the claim ledger

4. ^Zork I's ZIL source sets the maximum score at 350. An object or room with a VALUE pays it once, when first taken or entered, and the value is then cleared. A treasure's TVALUE counts while it lies in the trophy case: at the end of a turn in the living room in which the player takes anything or puts something in the case, the score is reset to the banked points plus the TVALUEs of what is in the case. Only objects directly in the case count, since the routine looks inside containers but discards what it finds there. Reaching 350 whispers “Look to your treasures for the final secret.”CodeZork I ZIL source
   How we know

   7<GLOBAL SCORE-MAX 350>
   

   1870		<PUTP .OBJ ,P?VALUE 0>)>>
   

   1961			'<SCORE-OBJ ,PRSO>)
   

   2122		<SCORE-OBJ .RM>
   

   483		      <SETG SCORE <+ ,BASE-SCORE <OTVAL-FROB>>>
   

   501		 <COND (<FIRST? .F> <OTVAL-FROB .F>)>
   

   Look to your treasures for the final secret.

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   Checked by a second AI model, 2026-10-22.

   In the claim ledger

5. ^Zork I's ZIL source sets the player's fighting strength at 2 + score ÷ 70, rounded down (computed from 2 + score ÷ (350 ÷ (7 − 2))), from 2 at no points to 7 at 350, plus a wound modifier that is 0 when unhurt. A villain's strength is its STRENGTH: 2 for the troll and 5 for the thief. Attacked with its bane, the sword for the troll and the nasty knife for the thief, a villain counts 1 less, but no less than 1; a thief engrossed in a treasure counts at most 2.CodeZork I ZIL source
   How we know

   3323<CONSTANT STRENGTH-MAX 7>
   

   3377	      <+ ,STRENGTH-MIN
   3378		 </ ,SCORE
   3379		    </ ,SCORE-MAX
   3380		       <- ,STRENGTH-MAX ,STRENGTH-MIN>>>>>
   

   1046	(STRENGTH 2)>
   

   978	(STRENGTH 5)>
   

   3394		       <SET TMP <- .OD <GET .OO ,V-BEST-ADV>>>
   

   3802	<LTABLE <TABLE TROLL SWORD 1 0 TROLL-MELEE>
   

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   In the claim ledger

6. ^In Zork I's ZIL source each blow, by the player or a villain, reads 9 entries of a result table picked by the defender's strength, and a roll of 1–9 picks one. A defender of strength 1 uses DEF1, starting 0, 1, or 2 entries in for an attacker of strength 1, 2, or 3 and up. A defender of 2 uses DEF2A for an attacker of 1, or DEF2B starting 0, 1, or 2 entries in for 2, 3, or 4 and up. A defender of 3 or more uses the attacker's strength less the defender's, clamped to −2..2: DEF3A starting 0 or 1 entries in for −2 or −1, DEF3B likewise for 0 or 1, and DEF3C for 2. The results are miss, stagger, light wound, serious wound, knockout, and kill; the DEF3 tables hold no knockout or kill, and an unarmed or unconscious villain dies to the player's blow outright.CodeZork I ZIL source
   How we know

   3250<CONSTANT SERIOUS-WOUND 5>	;"defender seriously wounded"
   

   3261	 STAGGER STAGGER
   ⋮
   3268	 STAGGER STAGGER
   3269	 LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND
   ⋮
   3275	 STAGGER STAGGER
   3276	 LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND
   ⋮
   3283	 STAGGER STAGGER
   3284	 LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND
   ⋮
   3290	 STAGGER STAGGER
   3291	 LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND
   ⋮
   3296	 MISSED
   3297	 STAGGER STAGGER
   3298	 LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND
   

   3313	<TABLE DEF3A
   

   2644	<PUT ,DEF1-RES 1 <REST ,DEF1 2>>
   

   3440		<SET RES <GET .TBL <- <RANDOM 9> 1>>>
   

   cannot defend himself: He dies." CR>

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   In the claim ledger

7. ^Computed from Zork I's ZIL source: at 0 points the player's strength is 2. Swinging the sword at the unhurt troll (2, less 1 for the sword) reads DEF1 from its second entry, so a blow misses 3 times in 9, staggers 2, knocks out 2, and kills 2. Swinging the nasty knife at the thief when he isn't engrossed (5, less 1) reads DEF3A from its start: 5 misses, 2 staggers, and 2 light wounds, and no kill.CodeZork I ZIL source
   How we know

   3260	 MISSED MISSED MISSED MISSED
   3261	 STAGGER STAGGER
   3262	 UNCONSCIOUS UNCONSCIOUS
   3263	 KILLED KILLED KILLED KILLED KILLED>>
   

   3282	 MISSED MISSED MISSED MISSED MISSED
   3283	 STAGGER STAGGER
   3284	 LIGHT-WOUND LIGHT-WOUND
   3285	 SERIOUS-WOUND SERIOUS-WOUND>>
   

   3491	 <SET ATT <FIGHT-STRENGTH>>
   

   3520		       <SET TBL <GET ,DEF3-RES <+ .ATT 2>>>)>
   

   3377	      <+ ,STRENGTH-MIN
   3378		 </ ,SCORE
   3379		    </ ,SCORE-MAX
   3380		       <- ,STRENGTH-MAX ,STRENGTH-MIN>>>>>
   

   3394		       <SET TMP <- .OD <GET .OO ,V-BEST-ADV>>>
   

   2644	<PUT ,DEF1-RES 1 <REST ,DEF1 2>>
   

   Checked against the evidence by its author, an AI model, 2026-10-22.

   Checked by a second AI model, 2026-10-22.

   In the claim ledger